PDF

The study assessed the internal and external egg qualities as well as lipid and antioxidative status of eggs laid by hens fed different inclusion levels of monosodium glutamate was. Three hundred 24-week old Isa Brown pullets were randomly allotted to six experimental diets containing 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 g/kg MSG respectively in an experiment that lasted sixteen weeks. At the end of the feeding trials, egg samples were collected from each experimental group for laboratory analyses. Egg widths, shape index, and shell weight were significantly (p<0.05) reduced among the hens fed diets containing above 0.75 g MSG/kg. Egg yolk length and index from the pullets on diets containing 0.25 and 0.50 g MSG/kg were not significantly (p>0.05) influenced when compared with the control but above these levels, the parameters were significantly (p<0.05) influenced. The total cholesterol levels of the whole egg across all the treatment groups showed statistical (p>0.05) similarities. A significant (p<0.05) increase was, however, noted in the malondialdehyde content of the eggs among the hens fed diets containing 0.75 g MSG/kg diet and above while a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the superoxide dismutase were noted at the same inclusion levels when compared with the control hens. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in the total antioxidant capacity of the eggs from hens fed diets containing the varying inclusion levels of MSG when compared with those on the control diet.

eggs, lipids, antioxidative status, monosodium glautamate

• 1. Nimalaratne, C., Wu, J. 2015. Hen egg as an antioxidant food commodity: A review. Nutrients, 7(10): 8275-8293.
• 2. Adu, O.A., Olarotimi, O.J., Olayode, S.O., Adelowo, A.O. 2017. Effects of Dietary supplementation of copper sulphate and copper oxide on some egg quality parameters of laying hens. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 50 (3): 118–127.
• 3. King’ori, A. 2012. Poultry egg external characteristics: egg weight, shape and shell colour. Research Journal of Poultry Science, 5 (2): 14-17.
• 4. Vorlová, L., Sieglová, E., Karpí-Ková, R., Kopřiva, V. 2001. Cholesterol content in eggs during the laying period. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 70: 387-390.
• 5. Alleoni, A.C.C. 2006. Albumen protein and functional properties of gelation and foaming. Scientia Agricola, 63 (3): 291-298.
• 6. Huang, X., Tu, Z., Xiao, H., Wang, H., Zhang, L. 2012. Characteristics and antioxidant activities of ovalbumin glycated with different saccharides under heat moisture treatment. Food Research International, 48: 866–872.
• 7. Ibrahim, H., Hoq, M., Aoki, T. 2007. Ovotransferrin possesses SOD-like superoxide anion scavenging activity that is promoted by copper and manganese binding. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 41: 631–640.
• 8. Chang, O.K., Ha, G.E., Han, G.S., Seol, K.H., Kim, H.W., Jeong, S.G., Oh, M.H., Park, B.Y., Ham, J.S. 2013. Novel antioxidant peptide derived from the ultrafiltrate of ovomucin hydrolysate. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 61: 7294–7300.
• 9. Liu, H., Zheng, F., Cao, Q., Ren, B., Zhu, L., Striker, G., Vlassara, H. 2006. Amelioration of oxidant stress by the defensin lysozyme. American Journal of Physiology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 290: E824–E832.
• 10. Samaraweera, H., Zhang, W.G., Lee, E.J., Ahn, D.U. 2011. Egg yolk phosvitin and functional phosphopeptides-review. Journal of Food Science, 76 (7): R143-150.
• 11. Windisch, W., Schedle, K., Plitzner, C., Kroismayr, A. 2008. Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Journal of Animal Science, 86: 140-148.
• 12. Khalil, R.M., Khedr, N.F. 2016. Curcumin protects against monosodium glutamate neurotoxicity and decreasing NMDA2B and mGluR5 expression in rat hippocampus. Neurosignals, 24: 81- 87.
• 13. Eweka, A.O., Om’Iniabohs, F.A.E. 2006. Histological studies of the effects of monosodium glutamate on the cerebellum of adult wistar rats. Internet Journal of Neurology, 8: 1-5.
• 14. Olumide, M.D., Hamzat, R.A., Bamijoko, O.J. 2016. Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed variously treated cocoa (theobroma cacao) bean shell based diets. International Journal of Livestock Research, 7(1): 21-34.
• 15. Adu, O.A., Olarotimi, O.J. 2020. Quality characteristics of eggs from chickens fed diets containing cerium chloride as rare earth element. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 32 (4): 1-8.
• 16. Oluyemi, J.A., Roberts, F.A. 2000. Poultry production in warm wet climates (2nd ed.). Macmillian Publishers Ltd. London.
• 17. Fikru, S., Urge, M., Animut, G. 2015. Effects of feeding processed kidney bean meal (Phaseolus vulgaris) instead of soybean meal on qualities of eggs of white leghorn hens. International Journal of Agricultural Science Research, 4(3), 049 - 056.
• 18. Hegab, I.M., Hanafy, A.M. 2019. Effect of egg weight on external and internal qualities, physiological and hatching success of Japanese quail eggs (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Brazillian Journal of Poultry Science, 21(3): 001-008.
• 19. Elkin, R.G., Yan, Z., Zhong, Y., Donkin, S.S., Buhman, K.K., Story, J.A., Turek, J.J., Porter, R.E., Anderson, M., Homan, R., Newton, R.S. 1999. Select 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme reductase inhibitors vary in their ability to reduce egg yolk cholesterol levels in laying hens through alteration of hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and plasma VLDL composition. Journal of Nutrition, 129: 1010–1019.
• 20. Azeke, M.A., Ekpo, K.E. 2009. Egg yolk cholesterol lowering effects of garlic and tea. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(12): 1113-1117.
• 21. Alexandra, A.N.C., Denis, N.Y., Casimir, A.O., Camille, K.A., Nestor, K.K., Georges, A.N. 2019. Effect of cassava flour on the physico-chemical and sensory properties of konkonde, a traditional dish prepared from unripe plantain flour. American Journal of Food and Nutrition, 7(4): 136-141.
• 22. GraphPad Prism User’s Guide. Version 6.01 for Windows. 2012. GraphPad Software Inc., 2365 Northside Drive, Suite 560, San Diego, CA 92108, USA.
• 23. Tabeekh, M.A.S.A. 2011. Evaluation of some external and internal egg quality traits of quails reared in Basrah City. Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research, 10(2): 78-84.
• 24. Bezerra, R.M., Costa, F.G.P., Givisiez, P.E.N., Goulart, C.C., Andrade S.R., Ramalho, L.M. 2015. Glutamic acid supplementation on low protein diets for laying hens. Acta Scientiarum, 37 (2): 129 – 134.
• 25. Oke, O.E., Ladokun, A.O., Onagbesan, O.M. 2014. Quality parameters of eggs from chickens reared in deep litter system with or without access to grass or legume pasture. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 26 (11): 1 - 9.
• 26. Dong, X.Y., Chu-Fen, Y., Sheng-Qiu, T., Qing-Yan, J., Xiao-Ting, Z. 2010. Effect and mechanism of glutamine on productive performance and egg quality of laying hens. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23 (8): 1049 – 1056.
• 27. Torrico, D.D., Wardy, W., Carabante, K.M., Pujols, K.D., Xu, Z.M., No, H.K. 2014. Quality of eggs coated with oil-echitosan emulsion: combined effects of emulsifier types, initial albumen quality, and storage. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 57 (1): 35 - 41.
• 28. Hidalgo, A., Rossi, M., Clerici, F., Ratti, S. 2008. A market study on the quality characteristics of eggs from different housing systems. Food Chemistry, 106: 1031-1038.
• 29. Mohiti-Asli, M., Shariatmadari, F., Lotfollahian, H. 2010. The influence of dietary vitamin E and selenium on egg production parameters, serum and yolk cholesterol and antibody response of laying hen exposed to high environmental temperature. Archiv für Geflügelkunde, 74 (1): 43–50.
• 30. Adeniyi, P.O., Obatolu, V.A., Farinde, E.O. 2016. Comparative evaluation of cholesterol content and storage quality of chicken and quail eggs. World Journal of Nutrition and Health, 4 (1): 5-9.
• 31. Idowu, O.M.O., Oduwefo, A., Eruvbetine, D. 2002. Hypo-cholesterolemic effects of cassava root sievate in laying chickens diets. Proceeding of 7th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN), September 16-19, 2002, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
• 32. Faitarone, A.B.G., Garcia, E.A., Roça, R.O., Ricardo, H.A., Andrade, E.N., Pelícia, K., Vercese, F. 2013. Cholesterol levels and nutritional composition of commercial layers eggs fed diets with different vegetable oils. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 15 (1): 31 – 38.
• 33. Naviglio, D., Gallo, M., Le Grottaglie, L., Scala, C., Ferrara, L. 2012. Determination of cholesterol in Italian chicken eggs. Food Chemistry, 132: 701–708.
• 34. Weggemans, R.M., Zock, P.L., Katan, M.B. 2001. Dietary cholesterol from eggs increases the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in humans: a meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 73 (5): 885 – 891.
• 35. El Malik, A., Sabahelkhier, M.K. 2019. Changes in lipid profile and heart tissues of wistar rats induces by using monosodium glutamate as food additive. International of Journal Biochemistry and Physiology, 4(1): 141-147.
• 36. Alwaleedi, S.A. 2016. Adverse effects of monosodium glutamate on serum lipid profile, cholesterol status and blood glucose in adult rats. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 7(1): 732 – 739.
• 37. Attia, Y.A., Al-Harthi, M.A., Korish, M.A., Shiboob, M.M. 2015. Fatty acid and cholesterol profiles and hypocholesterolemic, atherogenic, and thrombogenic indices of table eggs in the retail market. Lipids in Health and Disease, 14: 136 – 143.
• 38. EL-Wakf, A.M., Ebraheem, H.A., Serag, H.A., Hassan, H.A. Gumaih, H.S. 2010. Association between inflammation and the risk of cardiovascular disorders in atherogenic male rats: role of virgin and refined olive oil. Journal of American Science, 6 (12): 807–17.
• 39. King, E.J., Hugo, A., de Witt, F.H., van der Merwe, H.J., Fair, M.D. 2012. Effect of dietary fat source on fatty acid profile and lipid oxidation of eggs. South African Journal of Animal Science, 42 (5): 503–6.